Cases

274 F.3d 148 (4th Cir. 2001) DANIEL ADAMS; ROBERT C. ADKISSON; THOMAS W. ADLER; MATTHEW ALBRIGHT; KANYIA J. ANDERSON; BRADLEY D. ANTONS; LONNIE E. ARTIS; JAMES S. BAILIE; JOHN BANKS; JAMES R. BARKER; KAREN MARIE BARNES; CHARLENE A. BEAHM; JAMES T. BLOUNT; WILLIAM BRADY; LARRY D. BRENEMAN; FREDERICK M. BROCCOLO; MICHAEL B. CARDEN; WILLIAM R. CARMAN; WILLIAM H. CARROLL; MARC W. CHADWICK; DAVID CHERESKIN; ROBERT E. CHERRY; RICHARD CHILDRESS; MARK COLE

Filed: January 31, 2002 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE FOURTH CIRCUIT Nos. 00-2269(L) (CA-99-1851) Daniel Adams, et al., Plaintiffs - Appellees, versus City of Norfolk, Virginia, Defendant - Appellant.

Affirmed by published opinion. Judge LUTTIG wrote the opinion, in which Judge WILKINS and Judge NIEMEYER joined. OPINION LUTTIG, Circuit Judge. Appellants are certified firefighters, but they are cross-trained to provide varying levels of emergency medical services (“EMS”) as part of their job duties at the City of Norfolk’s Department of Fire and Paramedical Services (“NFPS”). They co

DYKMAN, J.1 Barbara A. Jones and her son, Douglas Kinney, appeal from an order in which the trial court dismissed, on summary judgment motion, their action under 42 U.S.C. § 1983.2 Barbara Jones's *909stepson, Leland Robby Jones, Jr., had been adjudged delinquent and was placed out of his home and under the superv